Research Study Proposal - Part Iv Target Population...

Research Study Proposal – Part IV: Target Population Selection †¢ Rationale for identified target population The target population refers to the group(s) that the proposed study is designed and intended to realistically serve. The application of the guidelines is aimed at enhancing the credibility of the program establishment, and for which effective responses are not currently provided. Research and experience have indicated that 68% of nearly 3.8 million retail establishments in the U.S. believe that they are overburdened without strategic process guideline (National Retail Federation (NRF). (2016). Hence, a strategic process guideline for establishing assisted living program will serve well the intended proprietors in this category. I aim at providing strategic information process guidelines for establishing assisted living program, the target population includes proprietors who desire to establish assisted living for low to high levels of care. Moderate care level programs accepts residents who require a moderate level of care. High level of care program accepts residents who require comprehensive support for any number of daily activities. (State of Maryland (Comar 10.07.14.02), 2013). Moreover, those who desire to establish an assisted living program to improve the quality of the lives of the citizens will find the strategic process information guideline extremely helpful and reduce the level of overwhelming frustration that accompanies lack of clearly delineatedShow MoreRelatedSample Research Paper1642 Words   |  7 PagesThe main purpose of a research proposal is to show that the problem you propose to investigate is significant enough to warrant the investigation, the method you plan to use is suitable a nd feasible, and the results are likely to prove fruitful and will make an original contribution. In short, what you are answering is will it work? A provisional way of presenting all the parameters of research in logical order is known as proposal-writing stage. Irrespective of some other motives such as financialRead MoreHigh Alert Medication Errors With Independent Double Checks Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesDecreasing High Alert Medication Errors With Independent Double Checks High alert medications and independent double checks should go hand-in-hand in minimizing medication errors in acute care settings. This study will focus on an experimental approach using convenient sampling and random selection of nurses to compare whether or not an educational intervention including independent double checks before high alert medication administration will decrease the amount of errors made by nurses in an acuteRead MoreMcdonald s Research Proposal : Marketing Research2005 Words   |  9 Pages McDonald’s Research Proposal For MKT202 – Marketing Research Essentials Designed by: Hoang Nam Duong (Peter) – 109195 Muhamad Ihsan Hizbullah (Buchan) – 124950 Kabilen Chandrasegaran – 12981 Tram Nguen – 122429 Gwo-Horng Lien (Steve) – 121835 Contents I. Statement of the Research Objectives 2 II. Study Design 2 III. Areas of Questioning 4 IV. Data Analysis 5 V. Limitations 6 VI. Personnel Involved 7 VII. Specifications and Assumptions 7 VIII. Services 7 IX. References 9 Read MoreFactors Affecting Supplier Selection in Procurement Process Among International Ngos: Case of Un Agencies in Kenya11125 Words   |  45 PagesAFFECTING SUPPLIER SELECTION IN PROCUREMENT PROCESS AMONG INTERNATIONAL NGOs: CASE OF UN AGENCIES IN KENYA BY OTIENO SAMUEL NAVAKA A RESEARCH PROPOSAL SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DIPLOMA IN PURCHASING AND SUPPLIES MANAGEMENT TO THE KENYA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT. AUGUST 2013 DECLARATION Declaration by the Student This research proposal is my original work and has never been presented before to any other examination body. No part of this workRead MoreHow to Write a Proposel to a Marketing Firm for Advertising1409 Words   |  6 Pagescustomers with its uniqueness. With time to time improvement of its varieties of products also warm services, Bing! Coffee has its own Facebook page, as a one of direct marketing in social network and has up to 5,659 fans that liked the page of the populations mostly in East Malaysia, Kuching in particular. As a local brand, however Bing! Coffee seems to have more popularity and improvement from time to time compared to some local coffee house because the raw materials is imported for obtaining the bestRead MoreResearch Proposal3004 Words   |  13 PagesCAMPUS SCHOOL BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS FACTORS THAT HAVE LED INTO THE SLOW GROWTH OF BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS IN KERICHO: A CASE STUDY OF MUTAI COMPANY BETT JOANNE CHEPKIRUI BBM/1529/09 A research proposal submitted in partial fulfillment of the award of bachelor of business management. Presented to Dr.Rose Omondi, DECLARATION I declare that this research proposal is my original work in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree in bachelors of business management and has not beenRead MoreElectronic Banking And Service Delivery2765 Words   |  12 PagesPersonal Identification Numbers PLCC Pearson Linear Correlation Coefficient SPSS Statistical Package For Social Science IT Information Technology THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE Background of the Study Electronic saving money is one of the first things that ring a bell when one considers the eventual fate of managing an account. It incorporates mechanized teller machines (ATMs), computerized call focuses, advanced money, Internet managing an accountRead MoreSampling and Research8917 Words   |  36 Pagesbuilding blocks of research GOOD Research entails Clear research objectives Sound research design Contain sufficient detail to allow another researcher to repeat the research Data should reveal its significance and use appropriate methods of analysis Conclusions should be confined to those justified by the data Should include the flaws in the design and their impact upon findings A good researcher reputation gains more respect and reliable findings The Scientific Research Method: EncounterRead MoreWhat Are the Effects of Poor Communication in a Project?3402 Words   |  14 PagesManagement Project Research IV Lecturer: L. Jowah RESEARCH METHODOLOGY PROPOSAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Hypothesis - The matrix management structure hinders the project manager when executing a project. 1 Research Question 1 Topic 1 KEY WORDS 1 CONCEPT DEFINITIONS 1 2 CHAPTER ONE BACKGROUND AND PROBLEM ORIENTATION 2 1.1 INTRODUCTION 2 1.2 BACKGROUND TO STUDY 3 1.3 PROBLEM FORMULATION 4 1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 5 1.4.1 Primary objective 5 1.4.2 Theoretical objectives of the study 5 1.4.3 EmpiricalRead MoreCapstone Project15365 Words   |  62 PagesThe Student Guide to the MSA Capstone Project Part 1: The Research Proposal and the Research Project Central Michigan University August 2012 Contents What is the MSA 699 Project? ........................................................................................................ 4 Overview of the MSA 699 Project................................................................................................... 5 Plagiarism and Ethics ..........................................

Essay on Cannabis Legalization - 1240 Words

Cannabis Legalization Discuss: â€Å"Cannabis is no more harmful than tobacco or alcohol and should, therefore, be legalised.† There has recently been much debate in the media about the decriminalisation of cannabis, both for recreational and medicinal use. This topic has proved controversial especially in political circles. Drawing on evidence from recent press reports, research on the web and recent publications, this essay will assess the evidence of how harmful cannabis really is. In 1971 Cannabis was reclassified by parliament and became a schedule 1 drug. This means that it was viewed as having no medicinal value. In 2002, Cannabis was reclassified again as a Class C drug meaning that it is seen as less harmful in comparison to†¦show more content†¦He argues that cannabis use is no more dangerous than alcohol and tobacco, suggesting that the legal effects can have further far-reaching consequences on users if they are caught. He explains that, â€Å"People who are prosecuted for possession of cannabis may have their livelihoods destroyed for the use of a compound which has less adverse consequences than alcohol and tobacco.† However, there are many critical responses to these views. Studies such those published by the BMJ demonstrate that there are two main problems with long-term cannabis use. One problem is that cannabis usage over time damages mental health and has negative physical consequences much like those of nicotine. On the other side of the coin cannabis use can have indirect consequences in terms of the wider population. The British Medical Journal (1996) featured an article suggesting that women had a five fold increase in comparison with men in reporting of depressive episodes after smoking cannabis. This suggests that gender has an effect on reactions to cannabis. It also suggests that there may be differences in terms of reporting the effects of cannabis based on gender, with men perhaps being less keen to report any negative reactions due to stereotypes based on gender. Additionally episodes of psychosis have also been related to cannabis which indicates that cannabis may not be as harmless as some suggest. A recent GuardianShow MoreRelatedThe Legalization Of The Cannabis Cure Essay1287 Words   |  6 Pages The Cannabis Cure Cannabis is a huge economic development in America that has changed to reach people in need of its benefits. In the hands of smart business owners cultivation is apart of an extravagant life cycle of creation. Farmers are now harvesting marijuana yields in 9 U.S. states and pave they way for dispensary pop ups in the years ahead. Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington, The District of Colombia, and Florida have fully legalizedRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana And Cannabis Programs854 Words   |  4 PagesSince that time 22 states, the district of Columbia and Guam have enacted similar laws (National Conference of State Legislatures, 2015). Of the 23 States, the District of Columbia and Guam now allow for comprehensive public medical marijuana and cannabis programs (National Conference of state legislatures, 2015). Recently, there have been 17 states who have approved efforts to allow use of ‘low’ THC, high cann abinoid products for medical reasons in limited situations or as a legal defense (NationalRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Cannabis Legalization1614 Words   |  7 PagesTitle Page Assess the advantages and disadvantages of Cannabis Legalization in Australia Contents Title Page 1 Introduction: 3 Cannabis dugs: 3 Use of Marijuana in Australia: 4 Advantages of Cannabis legalization in Australia: 5 Disadvantages of Cannabis legalization in Australia: 5 Conclusion: 7 References: 8 Introduction: Currently drug abuse is the issue that has plagued almost all the societies in the world. This problem poses serious threat to the life of peopleRead MoreCannabis Legalization887 Words   |  4 PagesGood News Ontarians, legalized cannabis stores are coming your way by 2018! In Canada, cannabis control has remained a highly debated topic. In 2014, the CAMH Monitor assessed public opinion on topics related to cannabis control from a sample of 2000 participants . Results indicate that the majority of adults in Ontario support the shift in cannabis reform from the prohibitionist method for the control of recreational use . Additionally, the main method of reform supported is a state regulatedRead MoreLegalization Of Cannabis1560 Words   |  7 Pages On Tuesday, June 27, the City of Blythe held a commercial cannabis forum to give direction to the city manager on how they wish to proceed with cannabis developers opening up dispensaries in Blythe, while also providing extensive feedback for staff to make the final re-adjustments to the permit application procedures and forms. As an economic development for the City of Blythe to gain revenue by regulating and taxing medical and recreational marijuana, the permit process is still scheduledRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana ( Cannabis )2609 Words   |  11 Pagesaggressively to achieve a therapeutic outcome. Therefore, it only makes sense to adventure out in the hopes of finding a more effective cancer treatment. Marijuana is a controversial topic in the news today, with many people for the legalization of medicinal use. Marijuana(cannabis) contains various organic chemical compounds known as cannabinoids. In the past few years, research into the anti-tumorigenic effects of cannabinoids have yielded some breathtaking results. This recent research has shown cannabinoidsRead MoreRegulated Legalization of Cannabis in Germany Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesLeaving the moral ‘high’ grounds Towards a regulated legalization of cannabis in Germany Introduction At first glance, German drug policy seems quite progressive: Drug abuse is treated as a health and social issue and there is a strong focus on prevention through education. However, Germany is still a staunch supporter of the current prohibition regime and is committed to the aim of a â€Å"drug free society†. As such, tackling the supply side of the drug trade is still an important pillar of GermanRead MoreUnited States Drug Policy1302 Words   |  6 Pageseven legalize, marijuana use for medical perposes. In fact, two states, Washington and Colorado, have legalized the recreational use of marijuana for anybody over the age of twenty-one since 2012. (Hawken, Caulkins, Kilmer, and Kleiman 2013) The legalization and regulation of marijuana would greatly minimize crime and solve many problems including overcrowding of jails and prison, lowering the tax dollars that people need to pay in order to support these incarcerated criminals, and regulating the economyRead MoreShould Cannabis Be Legalised in the Uk?1141 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Cannabis should be legalised.† To a large extent I agree with this statement; cannabis should be legalised. I do feel, that legalizing cannabis would help resolve many of our country’s problems and difficulties, for example street-crime or burglary indirectly related to drugs. However I also feel that it could cause other types of problems if people don’t understand the effects of it. To many people, they see cannabis as a dangerous and damaging drug, however the effects of cannabis are sometimesRead MoreLegalization of medical marijuana at the federal law Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pageswhy not legalize it? The only thing holding people back is the federal law. Medical marijuana should be legalized at the federal law for medical purposes because many people already support the legalization of medical marijuana. (Brooks, 2014). Explains that 51 percent of Minnesotans support legalization for medicinal uses, while 41 percent oppose. There is a story on an individual that used marijuana and helped him out with his condition. His name was Patrick McClellan and medical marijuana helped

History And Systems Of Psychology - 1795 Words

History and Systems of Psychology is a course requirement offered to Psychology majors and minors. This course is used to provide majors and minors with the foundation and the evolution of the field of psychology. Within this class, many scholars of discussed. Two scholars that stood out to me in this course would be John Watson and Max Wertheimer. These two particular scholars are responsible for two of the most influential and famous schools of thought, behaviorism and Gestalt psychology. These two schools of thought are responsible for changing the field of psychology and introducing the field to new theories and ways of thinking. Although the two schools of thought are similar in being influential but they are different in many ways. The two schools of thought are even said to be contradictory of one another and one is even said to be the cause of the fading out of the other. John Watson was born January 9, 1878 and he died September 25, 1958. He grew up in South Carolina (Cherry, 2014). John Watson grew up in a poor and dysfunctional family. His mother was Christian and she, therefore, wanted to raise him to be Christian. His father, on the other hand, was a bad man. He did drugs and got in trouble. In Watson’s teenage years, he had an affair and left his family. Although Watson’s mother’s intentions were to raise him to be a good Christian man, Watson ended up being a very violent kid. Watson even found himself in trouble with the law, just as his dad did. Later inShow MoreRelatedHistory And Systems Of Psychology3029 Words   |  13 Pages SOUTHWESTERN ASSEMBLIES OF GOD UNIVERSITY History and Systems of Psychology Psy 4113.00 Instructor: Dr. John Savell History and Systems of Psychology School of Thought Research Paper STUDENT DATA: Name Lauren Frost E-mail: laurenbfrost@lionmail.sagu.edu Phone: (318)372-3825 Semester: Fall 2014 Date: October 8, 2014 Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis is the belief that we are blissfully unaware of circumstances that dictate ones emotions and behavior. Psychoanalytic school of thought looksRead MoreHistory of Modern Psychology836 Words   |  4 PagesA History of Modern Psychology Franklyn Rivas UOPX History and Systems in Psychology 310 Lillian Fillpot May 03, 2011 A History of Modern Psychology Before psychology officially became a science, many great intellectuals of previous centuries had contributed to the philosophy behind psychology. This philosophy can be trace back to the times of the Greeks, middle ages, and the renaissance period. However, the link between philosophy and modern psychology became possible in the late 18thRead MoreThe Important Effects of Theories, Systems, and Paradigms on Psychology543 Words   |  3 Pages Psychology is the study of the way people think and behave. The field of psychology has a number of subdisciplines devoted to the study of the different levels and contexts of human thought and behavior that includes theories, systems, and paradigms. Theories, systems, and paradigms have had an important effect on psychology. A theory is a plausible or scientifically acceptable general principle or body of principles offered to explain phenomena. A theory can also be explained as an abstractRead MoreKurt Wundt s Theory Of Psychology966 Words   |  4 PagesPsychology has evolved throughout the years, and continues to do so. Pioneers in the field created movements that were sometimes embraced, sometimes not. Ideas were challenged and each successive theory either opposed or built on what had come before. The science of psychology has come a long way from its humble roots in philosophy and physiology, becoming a vast and complex discipline with many subfields. Theories and schools of thought gave way to opposing views and new schools. Wilhelm WundtRead MoreThe Theory Of Cognitive Psychology947 Words   |  4 Pageshow information is stored and recalled was thought not so widely followed through until the concept of cognitive psychology came along. Cognitive Psychology is broadly known as the study to understand the deep complexity of processing and recalling information which can determine our behaviors and feelings. There are three main focuses which contribute to the study of cognitive psychology. The first is a memory which can be looked at as the storage of information, both immediately and stored throughoutRead MorePsychotherapy is the Practice of Psychology, by Lee Sechrest and Bradley Smith871 Words   |  4 Pagesin their article â€Å"Psychotherapy is the Practice of Psychology,† present a compelling argument for the complete integration of the aspects of theory, research, and practice of psychotherapy into the discipline of psychology. The authors define integration as the â€Å"[unification ] of a body of knowledge in systematic way that is coherent and heuristic† (Sechrest Smith, 2012, p. 170). The article claims full integration of psychotherapy into psychology would create a discipline rooted in science, groundedRead MoreInvestigating The Expository Qualification And The Debate Between The Personalistic And Naturalistic Position1574 Words   |  7 PagesThe objective of this task is to investigate the expository qualification and the debate between the Personalistic and Naturalistic position in the originations of experimental history in psychological research, it likewise clarified the correlation between the two ideas and how the zeitgeist secured the associations with each of these ideas. Zeitgeist portrays as the â€Å"spirit of the time† and amid the seventeenth and nineteenth hundreds of years. On the occasion of the recorded advancement of exploratoryRead MoreHistory of Psychology753 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of Psychology History of Psychology Paper Shirley L Nieves October 21, 2013 PSY/310 Prof. Kelle Daniels The roots of psychology date back to Egypt and the Egyptian mystery system. Psychology has evolved from philosophy, medicine, theology, and science. Psychology evolved out of coalescence of natural science, and also the branch of philosophy which is known as epistemology, which is also known in the theory of knowledgeRead MoreThe Discovery Of A New Science1634 Words   |  7 Pages The Discovery of a New Science A Brief History Physiology has piqued human curiosity for thousands of years. In the early centuries, examination and dissection of the human body was a taboo practice and consequently became mired due to ethical or religious concerns. Scientist had no choice but to undertake inconceivable acts, such as grave robbery in the name of learning and educating. They carried out dissections in secrecy. Human physical and mental health practices have greatly benefittedRead MorePsycology Reflective Essay1296 Words   |  6 PagesPsychology 445 Reflective Essay This class has not only enabled me to become a better student, but also a more productive adult in various ways. Initially, I came into your class ecstatic because I knew the journey I would embark would be an exciting one; however, I encountered challenges throughout the course although learning new psychological methods is enthusing to me. I learned about the origin of psychology and the evolution of modern psychology. In further detail, I will discuss how

Guns Germs and Steel free essay sample

Guns, Germs, And Steel Author: Jared Diamond 1. Write a short half a page biography of the author; include information about his areas of research, books written, and prizes awarded. Jared Mason Diamond was born on 10 September 1937 in Boston, Massachusetts. He earned an A. B degree from Harvard University in 1958 and a Ph. D. in physiology from Cambridge University in 1961. Diamond was a Junior Fellow at Harvard from 1962 to 1966, at which point he became a professor of physiology at the UCLA Medical School. By 1997 he had transferred to the UCLA Department of Geography, where he has centered biogeography and human society. Jared field experiences include twenty-two trips to New Guinea and neighboring islands to study ecology and evolution of birds. He has rediscovered of New Guineas long-lost golden fronted bowerbird; and other field projects in North America, South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. As a environmentalist he arranged an absolute plan, almost all of which was forced for Indonesian New Guineas national park system. We will write a custom essay sample on Guns Germs and Steel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jared was also taking on a lot of projects for the Indonesian government World wildfire fund. He is a founding member of the board of the Society of Conservation Biology and a member of the board of directors of World Wildlife Fun. Jared Diamond has won numerous prizes for his work. Some of Diamonds awards are he National Medal of Science, the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement, Japans Cosmos Prize, a MacArthur Foundation Fellowship and the Lewis Thomas Prize honoring the Scientist as Poet, presented by Rockefeller University. 2. Preface: The author suggests that the roots of western Eurasian dominance in the modern world lie in what? Why has he chosen to write this book in this style and manner? The author suggests the roots of Western Eurasian dominance in the modern world lie in the preliterate past before 3,000 B. C. The dominance of western Eurasian societies themselves and of the societies that they create on other countries. In the modern world they lie in capitalism, mercantilism, scientific inquiry, technology, and nasty germs that killed peoples when they came in contact with the Western Eurasians. Diamond chose to write this book in this style and manner to provide in depth view of history over the past 13,000 years about everybody. He sets out to answer the question motivating this book which is â€Å"Why did history unfold differently on different continents†. 3. Prologue: According to the author, why did humans’ development proceed at different rates on different continents? What is his personal view on civilized and progressive societies versus hunter-gathers societies? The human’s development proceeded at different rates on different continents for many reasons. The main reason is geographical areas. For example in New Guinea there are not a lot of crops you can plant. One of their main resources is a tree that they have to cut down versus the resources available in North America, where there are lots of crops (ie. , wheat corn and cotton). This alone gives North America huge advantage over New Guinea. His personal view on civilized and progressive societies versus hunter-gathers societies is that he does not think that civilized progressive societies are preferable than hunter gathers. The civilized societies’ have longer life spams and medical care however the hunter gathers have shorter life spam and a higher risk of death. But the civilized have not much extended families and friends. 4. Chapter 1: What was the great leap forward? Describe the life of a Cro-Magnon person. What impact did the arrival of humans have on big animals? Provide an example. Which continent had a head start in 11,000 BCE (Before Common Era= BC). Why? The Great leap forward consists of the firs proven Major extension of human geographic range since our ancestor’s establishment Eurasia. The great leap forward was about 50,000 years ago. The start of the great leap forward was in East Africa sites with stone tools and jewelry. The great leap forward accompany with a key extension of the range of humans to Australia and New Guinea from 40,000 to 30,000 years ago. Then there were similar events to appear near East and in southern Western Europe. In southern Western Europe is where full of modern skeletons of people who are called Cro-Magnon. The Cro-Magnon had lots of tools and weapons that were found at the sites. Some tools that were found were fishhooks, needles, awls, and engraving tools. The Cro-Magnon had also weapons which were harpoons, spear-throwing, bow and arrows, and the parts of modern weapons. At the sites there were still remains of their houses and sewn clothing can tell us that they survived cold climates. The remains of jewelry and carefully buried skeletons also tell us they had spiritual developments. The Cro-Magnon is best known for their art work such as: cave paintings, statues, and musical instruments. The arrival of humans made a big change for the animals. Most of the animals became extinct because of the humans. The humans killed the animals for food, clothes, and martieal needs. There were at least 10 million hunter gathers so we can imagine how much animals were killed . There was no continent ahead of each other in 11,000 BCE. 11,000 BCE is just before agriculture was discovered. But Continents could have little advantages before agriculture (ie. Africa was ahead because it had been populated with people for longer than any other continent. But the point is that all the continents were equal in 11,000 BCE. It was the growth of agriculture that made the Continents start to depart in following years. 5. Chapter 2: Explain the differences between the Moriori and the Maori. Who conquered whom and why? What lessons can be learned by the pattern of dispersion of the Polynesians? The Moriori were a small confine population that was hunter-Gathers. They were assembled with the simplest technology and weapons; also they were inexperienced at war. They had a weak leadership and organization. However the Maori attackers were from a thick population of farmers chronically engaged in ferocious wars, more advanced technology and weapons, and a good leadership. When the two societies came into contact there was no doubt that the Maori destroyed the Moriori. The Maori conquered the Moriori because they were the warriors, they were ready for fighting. The Moriori were not fighters they wanted to solve all the problems thru communication. The Maori had better weapons and leadership. The Moriori did not have good weapons and had a lack in leadership. Just by that we can tell that the Maori had a better chance of conquering. The lessons that can be learned by yhe pattern of dispersion of the Polynesians are The lesson that Diamond is trying to teach us through the example of the Polynesians is that the physical environment where a group of people settles determines what sort of society they create. He uses the Polynesians to show this because they were one ethnic group with one culture that spread to many different islands with many different physical environments. After the Polynesians dispersed, they developed many different kinds of cultures depending on the physical characteristics of the places where they settled. These ranged from small bands of hunter-gatherers to relatively large chiefdoms like Hawaii or Tonga. 6. Chapter 3: Write a paragraph explain your views on the event of November 16,1532, What strikes you the most about this event? Why did pizarro succeed? 7. Chapter 4: Write a paragraph explains the chart. Do you agree with the author’s conclusion? What advantages are gained by being the first to domesticate animals? The chart is trying to explain to us how the Europeans got possession of Guns, Germs, and Steel and other nearby causes that helped them defeat other oppents (ie,. Incas). In the chart we can see that the Europeans had horses, guns, ships, political organization, and epidemic diseases. But like Diamond says â€Å"we have to understand why the Europeans had these things while the Incas and others did not. † That’s the purpose of the chart because how did the Europeans get a hold of that stuff and the Incas did not. The chart also shows that the Europeans had epidemic diseases because of all the plant and animal species they equipped because because of things like the east-west axis of Eurasia and the consequent ease of species spreading. I do agree with the authors conclusion because it makes sense about how it got there. There’s a lot of advantages to be the first domesticate animals. You were the first to have livestock for a lot of people. It gave you the major source of protein, replacing the wild game. They had the first source of milk, cheese, butter, and yogurt. 8. Chapter 8: Why was the Fertile Crescent predisposed to have such a potent head start in so many areas of development: writing, cities, and empires? What reasons does the author give for cannibalism in New Guinea? The Fertile Crescent predisposed to have a good head start in so many areas of development because there was five advantages. The first one was that western Eurasia has by far the world’s largest zone of Mediterranean climate. As a result, it has a high diversity of wild plant and animal species, higher than in the comparatively tiny Mediterranean zones of southwestern Australia and Chile. The second advantage was that among Mediterranean zones, western Eurasia’s experience the greatest climatic variation from season to season and year to year. The third advantage was is that it provides a wide range of altitudes and topographies within a short distance, ensuring a corresponding variety of environments, hence a high diversity of the wild plants serving as potential ancestors of crops. The Fertile Crescent’s biological diversity over small distances contributed to a fourth advantage—its wealth in ancestors not only of valuable crops but also of domesticated big mammals. A final advantage of early food production in the Fertile Crescent is that it may have faced less competition from the hunter-gatherer lifestyle than that in some other areas, including the western Mediterranean. A reason that the author gives for cannibalism in New Guinea is because of protein starvation. 9. Chapter 9: Identify and define the Ancient Fourteen. What is domestication? Which animals most helped Eurasians? The Ancient Fourteen: 1. Sheep Wild ancestor: the Asiatic mouflon sheep of West and Central Asia. Now World wide 2. Goat. Wild ancestor: the bezoar goat of West Asia. Now worldwide. 3. Cow, alias ox or cattle. Wild ancestor: the now extinct aurochs, formerly distributed over Eurasia and North Africa. Now worldwide. 4. Pig. Wild ancestor: The wild boar, distributed over Eurasia and North Africa. Now world wide. Actually an omnivore (regularly eats both animal and plant food), whereas the other 13 of the Ancient Fourteen are more strictly herbivores. 5. Horse. Wild ancestor: now extinct wild horses of southern Russia; a different subspecies of the same species survived in the wild to modern times as Przewalski’s horse of Mongolia. Now worldwide. Minor 9 6. Arabian (one-humped) camel. Wild ancestor: now extinct, formerly lived in Arabia and adjacent areas. Still largely restricted to Arabia and northern Africa, though feral in Australia. 7. Bactrian (two-humped) camel: Wild ancestor: now extinct, lived in Central Asia. Still largely confined to Central Asia. 8. Llama and alpaca. These appear to be well-differentiated breeds of the same species, rather than different species. Wild ancestor: the guanaco of the Andes. Still largely confined to the Andes, although some are bred as pack animals in North America. 9. Donkey. Wild ancestor: The African wild ass of North Africa and formerly perhaps the adjacent area of Southwest Asia. Originally confined as a domestic animal to North Africa and Western Eurasia, more recently also used elsewhere. 10. Reindeer. Wild ancestor: the reindeer of northern Eurasia. Still largely confined as a domestic animal to that area, though now some are also used in Alaska. 11. Water buffalo. Wild ancestor lives in Southeast Asia. Still used as a domestic animal mainly in that area, though many are also used in Brazil and others have escaped to the wild in Australia and other places. 12. Yak. Wild ancestor: the wild yak of the Himalayas and Tibetan plateau. Still confined as a domestic animal to that area. 13. Bali cattle. Wild ancestor: The banteng (a relative of the aurochs) of Southeast Asia. Still confined as a domestic animal to that area. 14. Mithan. Wild ancestor: the gaur (another relative of the aurochs) of Indian and Burma. Still confined as a domestic animal to that area. Domestication is to covert a plant or animal to a household use or in other words for it to be tame. The animals that most helped the Eurasians are the sheep, goat, cow, pig, and horse, the major five of the ancient fourteen.